The+Events

The Holocaust (Concentration Camps)
The Holocaust began in 1933 when Hitler rose to power in Germany. It is estimated that 11 million people were killed during the Holocaust, and out of this 11 million, six million were Jews. 1.1 million of those were children whom got murdered. The Nazis killed approximately two-thirds of all Jews who were living in Europe. Although, the Nazis main target were Jews, they also targeted Gypsies, homosexuals, Jehovah's Witnesses, Communists, twins, and the disabled. As some people tried to escape, most didn't. Those who were captured, suffered sterilization, forced resettlement, separation from family and friends, beatings, torture, starvation, and/or death. At times, they had to helplessly watch as their family members or friends would get murdered.

efore the Nazis began their mass slaughter of Jews, they created a number of laws that separated Jews from society. They made them feel as if they were just a number, or item, taking away their humanity. They forced Jews to wear a yellow star upon their clothing, therefore making it easier to distinct the Jews from anybody else. The Nazis also made laws that made it illegal for Jews to sit or eat in certain places and placed a boycott on Jewish-owned stores. The holocaust ended in 1945 when the allied forces defeated Germany and then took over. After Hitler’s death in 1945 the Germans decided to let go of the Jewish prisoners, making it the official end of the holocaust.

The Holocaust was one of the saddest events to ever happen to the world. During Hitler's rise to power in World War II, Hitler blamed the Jews for the money crises that was happening in Germany. Hitler wanted them removed from the world. Hitler had the German Army kill many Jewish people, or had them transported to concentration camps, where millions of Jews and other civilians perished.The SS men and women who worked in the concentration camps had the Jews do forced labor, and treated the Jews there horribly. Very little food was given to them, and at most camps, the Jew's possessions were taken away from them at an attempt to dehumanize them. Some camps, such as Auzshwitz, had gas chambers, were people were gassed and killed. It was easier to kill 40 people all at once then one at a time. When the Allied forces were closing in on the war and winning, SS guards moved camp inmates by train, or by forced death marches to avoid liberation. On those death marches, many inmates died from either being killed by the SS guards or by the cold. When the second world war ended in late April, and early May in 1945, liberation for the Jews and other civilians took place. The Allied soldiers discovered a number of camps, where dead and living inmates were still there. An estimated number of 11 million people were killed in the Holocaust. This event will be something that will forever be written in history books. "The Holocaust" __www.ushmm.org__ 01/01/10  "Nettrekker" [|www.nettrekker.com] Thinkronize, Inc. 01/03/10 <[]>"Bing" __www.bing.com__ Microsoft 01/02/10 < [] > "History of the Holocaust — An Introduction" www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org 01/03/10 <[]> "Discovery Education" [|www.discoveryeducation.com] Discovery Education 01/01/10 <[]>
 * by: Megan K.**
 * Works Cited:**

During World War 2 the Nazis established Concentration camps for prisoners to do forced-labor and mass murder against Jehovah's Witnesses, Romas, and homosexuals. In these camps the Jews would get sick from diseases, be starved, tortured, and killed for no apparent reason.

One of the main camps was Auschwitz. This was the first one to be established out of all Concentration Camps and its bin estimated that 2 million have died in this camp. It Auschwitz there was four gas chambers. In these chambers the Nazis would put the Jews inside and release piousness gas that would kill them from the inside. Using these chambers, the Nazis would kill an average of 6,000 people a day. The Nazis would also perform surgery experiments on Jews that where still awake and didn't have any numbing medication.
 * by: Ben R.**

The Bombing of Dresden
In 1945, the Allies targeted Germany cities with multiple bomb complains in an efforts to destroy German morale. The city Dresden, which they have found ways to escape from most allies raids, they were a target of a huge bombing campaign. Big numbers of bombs were dropped on Dresden. Over 700 RAF bombers were killed on the first day and the next day,and because of all the bombs. Dresden was all destroyed,they also destroyed large sections of the city and killing 100,000 in a single night.

There are many reasons and two sides of every story. Alexander McKee has his doubts on the meaningfulness on the list of the target picked in 1953 pointed out that barracks listed as a target were also long way from town and not in fact targeted during the raid. And Frederick Taylor said this,that he personally feels that the bombing was over done and that the people who did it should feel regrets enormously. British philosopher A.C, Graying was described British area bombardment was a moral crime and a immoral act,because destroying everything cancels every moral and human principle.
 * by: Jose A.**

=== The Japanese Internment Camps After Pearl Harbor Americans directed their anger towards Japanese citizens. President Franklin D. Roosevelt issued Executive Order 9066, which allowed the military to guard the American citizens at all costs. The order set into motion the exclusion from certain areas, and the evacuation and mass incarceration of Japanese ancestry living on the West Coast, most of whom were U.S. citizens or legal permanent resident aliens. These Japanese people, most of whom were children, were incarcerated for at least 4 years. The government made them evacuate their homes and leave their jobs. Sometimes families were separated. President Roosevelt himself called the 10 facilities "concentration camps." They were placed in bleak, remote camps surrounded by barbed wire and armed guards. If they tried to escape they were immediately shot and/or killed. This act was not processed by law or any factual basis. ===  The conditions of the camp were horrible in the winter. They put a group into a little shack. Usually a family but sometimes they are separated. The shacks had a little stove in the middle for heat. There was holes in the walls so the cold of winter could get in. They were given a fair amount of food for a family. In the summer they could play outside and have fun.
 * By: Rebecca P. **

The Bataan Death March
In April of 1942, after surrendering to the Japanese, American and Filipino soldiers were forced to march 60 miles in (what is known as today) the Bataan Death March. After the Battle of Bataan, Japanese soldiers captured about 75,000 of these soldiers and made them march to prison camps in really high, humid temperatures. This was called a "Death March" because of the physical abuse and killings that occurred during this event. Japanese soldiers would give them little food and water, killed whoever disagreed or helped the weak, and beheaded, ran over, or cut anybody who fell during this march. Some of the killings and torture were for no good reason. Some soldiers who asked for water were punished by being forced to sit in the sun without shade or immediately killed. This torture would last a full week before they reached the camps. Once they arrived, they were forced to do hard labor. Thousands of soldiers died before reaching these camps because if starvation, disease, dehydration, and torture. media type="custom" key="5845643"


 * Cassidy C.**

[|Wikipedia.] [|History Sandiego Education.]
 * Sources:**

The Bataan Death March was a march that took place on the Bataan peninsula when the Americans surrendered in the three month lasting Battle of Bataan. The Battle of Bataan was part of the Battle of the Philipines which lasted two years. On this day of history, April 9th of 1942, thousands of men of the U.S. Army including both Philipino and American soldiers were brutally tortured. Soldiers were deprived of food and water, stabbed, ran over, shot, beheaded, murdered, physically abused, beat among many other brutal things. Those who made it through the long march and tropical heat were put in prison camps like Camp O'Donnell where the conditions have been argued to have been even worse.

For most of those who weren't among the thousands to have lost their lives in this brutal torture liberation came in 1945. Medicine and food were sent into camps, finally after liberation around August of that year. Many who survived had to be put in mental care for a long while until they were well enough to be returned to their families. It is said that one third of the soldiers who had the privelege to return home died within a year because of what a toll the Bataan Death March put on their bodies and minds. Few talk about it, because of its horrifying and gruesome reality so some things are still unknown about the Bataan Death March. What we know, is that thousands of brave soldiers gave their lives in the Philipines and throughout the Pacific islands and that their memories and what happened should never be forgotten.
 * Madelyn G.**

Sources: [|Battle for Bataan!] [|Wikipedia]

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The Manhattan Project
In 1939, a president's advisory committee on uranium formed under the leadership of Lyman J. Briggs. Earlier that year, German-American physicist Albert Einstein had written a letter to President Roosevelt warning him of the destructive instability of uranium that could be formed into an extremely powerful bomb. President Roosevelt formed the National Defense Research Committee on June 15, 1940. The committee's chairman, engineer Vannevar Bush was extremely pessimistic about the building of atomic weapons. However, after further persuasion, he changed his mind and knew that it was very necessary to construct an atomic weapon before the Nazis did.

After the U.S. entered WWII, President Roosevelt made the U.S. Army responsible for the production of fissionable materials in order to construct the bomb. By 1942, this responsibility was given to the Army Corps of Engineers, whom had established the Manhattan Engineer District. At the University of Chicago, the first nuclear reactor was constructed, known as "the pile." As its name suggests, it consisted of a pile of graphite brick embedded with uranium and uranium-oxide slugs. On December 2nd, the pile went critical and produced plutonium at a constant rate.

The Federal Government decided to go full speed on the construction of facilities necessary for the production of fissionable materials before they were even certain of the possibility of building an atomic bomb. In 1943, the ACE began to construct a pilot 235U plant using the Lawrence method of electromagnetic-separation of 235U from 238U. They were able to produce explosive quantities of 235U by 1945. There were also two other plants: One at Hanford that began operating in 1944 and the other at Oak Ridge that began operating in 1945.

The design of the bomb was initially highly debated among many universities. The project was careful to concentrate most of its work to be held at a special laboratory. This laboratory was established in 1943 at Los Alamos, NM, with J. Robert Oppenheimer appointed as the director. There, they studied the theoretical calculations of how the fissionable materials they produced could be fashioned to explode. On February 11th, 1945, they informed President Roosevelt that the first bomb would be able to be dropped on Japan in August of that same year. They informed him that their chances of success were at least 99%. They found it suitable to drop two bombs on Japan- the first one was meant to demonstrate the destructive power of the atomic bomb, and the second was meant to notify the Japanese that the United States were able of making more than one.

During the Trinity Test held in New Mexico, the destructive power of plutonium was proved to release the same amount of energy that the United States used in 30 seconds in only a few millionths of a second! It released the same amount of energy that is released by 20 kilotons of TNT. They knew that this would certainly end the war in the Pacific. []
 * Jacob K.**

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"Fat Man" was dropped three days after there first plutonium bomb "Little Boy". President Truman had the order ready to drop the bomb. The aircraft commander Major Charles W. Sweeney ordered to drop the "Fat Man" ten minutes after take off so that it could weaken the power of the Japanese. His plan did not go according to plan. They were going to drop the "Fat Man" on Kokuro, but Kokrua no longer was the target so they decided to drop the "Fat Man" on Nagasaki. When they drop the "Fat Man" on Nagasaki. Captain Kermit K. Beahan saw a image of a mushroom. A giant cloud of a mushroom. The explosion was so massive that any body caught in the blast was disintegrated. The explosion was 43 square miles all around. It caused radiation all over of Japan.======

[|http://www.cfo.doe.gov/me70/manhattan/nagasaki.htm] War Bonds were the way that the United States could pay for the military. They used many famous artists and famous movie stars that promoted these War Bonds. War Bonds were like a stock market. People would put their cash in the War Bonds and receive more cash back when the war was done.
 * Charles X.**
 * War Bonds**

**What?** ** The war bonds were created for the purpose of financing militairy operation during the time of war. The war bond are government-issued saving-bonds which are used to finance a war or military action. **

**Who?** ** The War bonds were issued by the U.S. government. Another way to put it is the United States government thought of the idea for the war bonds to begin with. **


 * Where?** There is no specific place that people would buy war bonds but it was a huge hit in New York.


 * When?** People would buy war bonds during WW2 or in the mid 1940's.


 * Why?** People felt that they were helping the injured soldiers at war and helping them with money problems to get through tough times such as war. Also people just knew that they were doing a good thing and that they were helping people. When your in school they teach you that you should always care for one another. Well thats how I was taught anyways.

More Information By: Charles X.**
 * Rebecca B.